Basic Hypertext Markup
Language - HTML
A. The HTML Skeleton or Shell tags:
<HTML> starts a page (tells the browser it is “speaking”
HTML “program” language
<HEAD> begins the page header which contains the
title
found in the browser
<TITLE> displays the page title that appears at the
top of
the Web Browser
</TITLE> ends the title line
</HEAD> closes the page header
<BODY> body of page starts here (all of visible page
commands are entered here)
all of the commands found in part B. below are found in
between
<BODY> and
</BODY> which ends the body of a page
</HTML> ends a page (Note: Nothing should follow
either of
these last two tags)
B. HTML basic special effects tags:
<BODY BGCOLOR=red> or <BODY BGCOLOR="nnnnnn">
changes the background colour, - most common color names can be
used
i.e cyan, green, etc. "nnnnnn" is a hexadecimal, six place number
ranging from "000000" no Red Green Blue =
Black
to "ffffff" all RGB = white (“Other” colour wheels show a
range of colours)
<BODY BACKGROUND="name.gif"> places an image in the
background
<CENTER> centres whatever heading or text follows
</CENTER> ends centring
<FONT COLOR= red> or <FONT COLOR="nnnnnn">
changes
font color
<FONT SIZE = 1 to 6> changes the font from 1 small
(6pt)
to 6 large (22 pt)
<H1> Headline are bold fonts followed by a line space
<H1>22 pt </H1> down to <H6>6 pt
font</H6> Note: Headline fonts are turned off by
matching tag
</H1> etc.
<P> puts a blank line between two lines of text (no
mate)
<BR> puts a carriage return at the end of a line of
text
(no mate)
<B> bold </B> <I> italics</l>
<HR> places a ruled line divider across the page
<A HREF="http:/www.yahoo.com">Yahoo</A>
opens
an "anchor" to a hot link (links to another web "site") see
example on page
18
<IMG SRC="name.gif"> inserts graphic image
source
(in .gif, ..jpeg or ..jpg format)
<TABLE> starts a tabled area </TABLE>
ends
the area
<TR> starts a table row </TR>
ends a table row
<TD> identifies table cell (data)
(a
table "deposit") </TD> ends table cell (data)
C. Some other HTML commands are:
<UL> </UL> start and end a bullet list <OL>
</OL> starts and end a numbered list <Ll>
places a bullet or number before the line of text (no mate)
D. HTML Editors... search the net for “HTML basic” and
“HTML advanced”
Freeware and Shareware HTML editors are available on-line. Many
editors
are available in versions for DOS, Windows, MAC, UNIX and even
Amiga. Internet
Explorer and Netscape (4.x) both contains a “Composition”
module
for writing HTML.
E. Samples of button/link web sites:
www.meraloma.com
& www.sd43.bc.ca/citadel
View and discuss parts of different web sites that are text only
and
button/text driven. Websites are viewed by non or limited Englsh
speakers... buttons are a good way to help them find relevent
pages.
Frames are a hassle for many surfers and should be avoided.